Cyber-Physical Systems

Systems that include integrations of computation, networking, and physical processes with feedback loops where physical processes affect computations and vice versa4. An example of a Cyber-Physical System is a Digital

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Internet of Things (IoT)

This phrase refers to networked infrastructures that interconnect physical objects and allow for the management of the data they generate. A typical example of IoT is a home energy monitor

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smart building

The term “smart building” was originally introduced by the European Union in the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD)[1] as one of the main enablers of the future of the built environment,

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Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)

The industrial IoT (IIoT) forms an integral part of Industry 4.0, and smart manufacturing refers to interconnected sensors, and other input/output devices linked to manufacturing applications, supporting industrial automation and

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digital built environment

The terminology such as digital built environment and smart asset management, often referred to as Digital Construction, encompasses multiple technologies and processes related to information or project management and the

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Virtual Design and Construction

Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) is the use of design models and project information to apply construction processes in a virtual environment to reduce time, cost, and ensure design intent.

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UK BIM Framework

The UK BIM Framework was developed by the UK BIM Alliance, BSI, and the Centre for Digital Built Britain associated with the Construction Industry Council (CIC) to implement international BIM

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