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Data Management
ELI5
NWC
NWC is a cache file. “When you open a CAD file in Navisworks, by default, a corresponding cache file (NWC) is created, which contains all of the conversion details required
information exchange
verb act of satisfying an information requirement (3.3.2) or part thereof [cited from ISO 19650-1:2018(en), 3.3.7]
Construction Operation Building information exchange (COBie)
COBie is a non-proprietary data format for the publication of a subset of building information models (BIM) that focuses on delivering asset data rather than geometric information. It is formally

lead appointed party
The term introduced by ISO 19650 typically describes the Tier 1 Main Contractor. For example: : The Lead Appointed Party is a specific entity directly appointed (employed) by the primary
Equipment Clearance
Equipment Clearance shall be modelled for use in interference management and maintenance access requirements. It is the minimum space adjacent to the equipment required to allow access for maintenance, installation
task team
The term, introduced by ISO 19650, describes a team of people working together on a specific task. task team might be an individual appointed party, and the appointed party might
reference document
publication that is consulted to find specific information, particularly in a technical or scientific domain EXAMPLE See EN 771-1:2011+A1: 2015.Note 1 to entry: A reference document can be associated with

Arc Fault Detection Devices (AFDDs)
Arc Fault Detection Devices (AFDDs) in the UK: Technical Requirements and Implementation Executive Summary Arc Fault Detection Devices (AFDDs) represent a significant advancement in electrical fire safety. This whitepaper provides

Emergency Lighting Standards and Regulations
BS 5266‑1:2025 – whats changed? Status & scope. The new edition was published on 29th and came into effect on 31 October 2025, withdrawing BS 5266-1:2016. It is intended to be
ubiquitous access
The modern era of IT has turned to ubiquitous access to all organizations and users. The vision is to provide one “universal access,” i.e. access to all IT services, regardless
Nominal line voltage to earth (Uo)
Uo Nominal line voltage to earth. Assumed to be 230 V for grid connected systems.

Information Interoperability
Information overload What makes construction management so challenging is the sheer amount of information available, the volume of the data means that we are often not able to extract or
Asset Information Model (AIM)
The Asset Information Model or AIM is a term used to define the set of information gathered from all sources that support the continuing management of an asset
breakdown structure
decomposition of a defined scope into progressively more detailed levels
Periodic Model Quality Control Checks
Apart from the weekly model coordination effort that focuses on spatial coordination and clash resolution, the Appointment BIM Manager should review all disciplines project models and ensure compliance with BEP
Builders work in connection (BWIC)
Coordination of Builders work in connection to services i.e. openings in walls or floors for MEP Services It is anticipated that as a minimum, all builders work openings of 50x50mm
Target Value Design
Target Value Designs (TVD) focus is on reducing the cost of a project without reducing the quality of the end product or extending the timetable. The team sets a cost
Contractor’s proposals (CP)
Contractor’s proposals (CP) in AEC industry refer to documentation prepared by tenderers for design and build projects or on a traditional contract where the bidder is to design specific parts

Breaking capacity
IWE-S1-IWE- E8_Breaking Capacity of MCCB What is Breaking Capacity (kA) Breaking capacity, often referred to as short-circuit breaking capacity, is one of the most critical specifications of a protective device.
SMART Information requirements
The acronym SMART has been defined by the PAS 1192‑2: 2013 clause 5.1.3. the term means that Information req BS ISO 31000:2018 PAS 11922: 2013 clause 5.1.3 defines the acronym

Sensitive Information
ELI5-S1 BIM Basics E16_Sensitive Information information, the loss, misuse or modification of which, or unauthorized access to, could:(a) adversely affect the privacy, welfare or safety of an individual or individuals;(b)
Final Circuit
A circuit connected directly to current-using equipment, or to a socket-outlets or other outlet points for the connection of such equipment.
Last Planner®
The person or group that makes assignments to direct workers. Project Architect and ‘discipline lead’ are common names for last planners in design processes. ‘Superintendent’ or ‘foremen’ are common names

Management of the cyber-security threats in Common Data Environment
The increased reliance of the IT Technology Widely used cloud-based systems with file-sharing protocols have are the way of the future, but the use of such a platforms increase the
Computer aided facility management (CAFM)
Originally coined in the 60s, The acronym has become a catch-all for a wide range of Facilities Management platforms and software. A CAFM system can be broadly defined as a collaborative,
Ground rating factor (Cc)
The rating factor Cc = 0.9 is applied to cable sizing calculations for cables installed in the ground (Installation Methods 70 to 73). See BS7671:2018,Appendix 4,Sections3,4 and 5.1.1.
Conditions of Satisfaction
An explicit description by a Customer of all the actual requirements that must be satisfied by the Performer in order for the Customer to feel that he or she received
purposeful
having a definite objective and strong desire to achieve it In the context of BIM, it describes a people-centric transformation, regarding information as an asset

VEAM connector
VEAM connectors refer to a specific type of electrical bayonet type connectors known for their robustness and reliability in harsh environmental conditions. These connectors are commonly used in various industries,

jet reaction
nozzle reactionforce acting in the opposite direction to the water stream leaving the nozzle BS 4422 2005 “Jet reaction,” also known as “nozzle reaction,” is a fundamental concept in fluid
top management
person or group of people who directs and controls an organization at the highest level [cited from ISO 19650-5:2020(en), 3.14]
Basic protection
Protection against electric shock under fault-free conditions;use of barriers,placing out of reach,and so forth.
DWG
DWG (“drawing format”) is a binary file format licensed by Autodesk and used for storing two and limited three-dimensional design data and metadata. It is the native format for several
k Factor
Factors for conductor materials from BS7671:2018,Table43.1. Different values are given for different types of conductor and insulatingmaterials. k2s2 used in adiabatic calculations gives the short-time withstand of a conductor in
efficiency
correlation between the outcome and the resources used a measure of the utilization of resources to realize a given objective Note 1 to entry: An activity is efficient if it minimizes
Role
BIM roles are not necessarily related to specialist positions. It should be viewed as a function that could be fulfilled by more than one person and allow the transfer of
information
reinterpretable representation of data in a formalized manner suitable for communication, interpretation or processing [cited from ISO 19650-1:2018(en), 3.3.1]
tension between hope and ambiguity
term coined by Deloitte[1], it is a current situation where whilst businesses conceptually understand the significant changes that information Management (IM) and technology may bring, they have divergent agendas and
BS ISO 55002:2018
Asset management — Management systems Guidelines for the application of ISO 55001

Organisational Purpose
A sense of organisational purpose is an essential part of promoting organisational effectiveness, which motivates individuals to do work and create something or justify the existence of something. Cooperation

Task Information Delivery Plan (TIDP)
schedule of information containers and delivery dates, for a specific task team [cited from ISO 19650-2:2018(en), 3.1.3.4] The Task Information Delivery Plan (TIDP) is defined by the ISO 19650 framework
Intermediate Event
An intermediate event is something that occurs between the beginning and end of a process. Triggers can be “caught” or “thrown” by intermediate events. [1] Symbol 1] Silver, B. (2009).
BS 7000-4:2013
Design management systemsPart 4: Guide to managing design in construction
Back-up Protection
Circuit-breaker manufacturers publish tables showing combinations of pairs of circuitbreakers, one upstream,one downstream,where the downstream device can be used at a location where the prospective fault current (Ipf) is higher

Young Person
The term “Young Person” in the context of construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), electrical engineering, or general engineering typically refers to a younger individual, often a recent graduate or entry-level
Parametric behaviour
The parametric behaviour of an object describes whether its shape, position, and orientation are designed to be dependent on other information associated with the object or the context in which

BIM Classification and Standardization Systems
Introduction There are companies in the construction industry which do not favour standardization; these companies benefit from revenue and profits from change orders (variations), inevitably resulting in claims increasing cost
Model
An electronic, three-dimensional representation of built asset or facility elements with associated intelligentattribute data (“Facility Data”). A Model term used in PAS 1192 specification has been replaced by term ‘Information
Handover
After the project is completed, the Appointing Party expects to receive Asset Information Model (AIM) compliant with the Exchange Information Requirements (EIR). The aim is to support the life
Miller’s law
Argument introduced by Miller, G. A., suggests that the number of objects an average human can hold in short-term memory is 7 ± 2.[1] From a practical standpoint, this means









