The Ultimate BIM Knowledge Hub
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Data Management
ELI5
diffusion
a process by which an innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social system E.M. Rogers, Diffusion of Innovations, Free Press, New York, 1995.
2022-07-24
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Ze
That part of the earth fault loop impedance which is external to the circuit under consideration. For the supply cable it will be the impedance external to the installation. For
2023-02-05
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Design Web Format
Design Web Format (DWF), created by Autodesk. DWF is a compressed, non-editable, vector file format created by CAD and BIM applications. A DWF file can represent sheets for plotting purposes
2022-07-11
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2022-07-27
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objective
results to be achieved The objective can be strategic or operational; it can relate to different disciplines such as financial, health and safety, or environmental. The targeted results can be
2022-07-24
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Dictionary
SHARED
All project Model Authors’ information for the use of the entire project team. The Federated Model Manager will combine all information for checking against the AIR. All team members should
2022-07-11
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Dictionary
x-ref
The term “X-ref” is commonly used as an abbreviation for “External Reference” in various technical and engineering fields, including construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and computer-aided design (CAD). Here’s a
2023-12-05
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Set-Based Design
Set-Based Design commonly referred to as a set-based design innovation or set-based concurrent engineering. It is a product development approach where teams consider a wide range of design alternatives (a
2022-07-11
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computer-aided design (CAD)
Computer-aided design (CAD) encompasses the use of computers (hardware) and software to assist in the design process. CAD software is frequently used by different types of engineers and designers. CAD
2022-07-11
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2022-07-15
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System of engagement
The System of Engagement is defined as a platform that manages supported digital engagement, of systems like Browsing, Web Chat, Messaging, videos (Facebook, WhatsApp, TEAMS, ZOOM, Signal, Slack, etc.), various
2022-07-11
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Facility Data
The non-graphical information attached to objects in the Model that defines various characteristics of the object. Facility Data can include properties such as parametric values that drive physical sizes, material
2022-07-11
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Federated Information Model
Computer science and IT In the fields of computer science and information technology, a federated information model refers to a structure where data is stored across multiple independent systems but can
2022-07-11
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Information Controller
Responsible for setup and management of the Common Data Environment (CDE), document submission, RFI and other project document transactions. [Appointment: Lead Appointed Party Information Controller, site-based/office based.] [source] PDE 4301
2022-07-11
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Blog
Appointed Party context of information exchange
ELI5-S2: BIM in Practice E6: Appointed Party context of information exchange Understanding the Appointed Party (T2-T4) Context of Information Exchange in BIM Welcome to the final instalment of our ELI5-S2
2024-07-22
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How To
Cable Ladder vs Perforated Cable Tray Selection Guide
Cable Ladder vs Perforated Cable Tray – Selection Guide (UK, 2025) Scope & references BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 and A3:2024 (selection & erection; installation reference methods; grouping). IET On‑Site Guide to BS
2025-08-24
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How To
HVO Fuel
Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) is a renewable, diesel-type fuel made from vegetable oils and fats instead of crude oil.
2025-04-02
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Project Information Model (PIM)
It is a term introduced in PAS 1192‑2: 2013 and ISO 19650 set of standards. It means any graphical or non-graphical information such as: Structured information, i.e.: schedules, costing and
2022-07-24
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graphical
The PAS1192 term has been replaced by ISO19650 term ‘geometrical’ Geometrical is more appropriate to describe spatial positioning and relationships
2022-07-27
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NWD
NWD designates the published version of a Navisworks file with all loaded models, viewpoints, redlines, and comments saved to a single file. This file type can be opened with any
2022-07-11
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data dictionary
centralized repository of information about data such as meaning, relationships to other data, origin, usage and formatNote 1 to entry: The definition is from IBM Dictionary of Computing BS EN
2022-07-24
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Project Implementation Plan (PIP)
The Project Implementation Plan (PIP) it is a PAS 1192 term that should assist in establishing of the supply chain’s capability. In summary, it consists of the supplier’s: BIM assessment
2022-07-11
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Device rating (In)
Circuit Protective Device rating,or ‘In’ in Amperes. If the overload setting can be adjusted, then the ‘adjusted rating’ is known as ‘Ir’.
2023-02-05
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Working Group (WG)
WORKING GROUP (WG) Specialized group within a committee that is responsible for drafting a particular standard or set of deliverables. It is usually quite small, composed of experts and headed by
2022-07-24
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Appointed party
The appointed party term introduced in BS EN ISO 19650 it is meant to replace PAS 1192 term ‘Supplier’ Typically it means Tier 2 and below Contractors Who can become
2022-07-27
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BIM Use
A Use Case is a description of an intended use of the BIM, along with a description of the type(s) of data that must be in the BIM in order
2022-07-11
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open interoperability
the meaning and benefits: single procurement of information that can be relied upon over time, removing the need for it to be repeatedly re-procured; a ‘Golden Thread’ of information to
2022-07-24
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Pre-appointment BEP
Pre-appointment BEPs communicates the delivery team’s intended approach to the information management process in the project, it is submitted as part of the prospective Lead Appointed Party tender response. For
2022-07-04
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TN system
A system having one or more points of the source of energy directly earthed, the exposedconductive-parts of the installation being connected to that point by protective conductors.
2023-02-05
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PAS 14191:2020
Built environment – Management and operation of interconnected construction data dictionaries Specification
2022-07-15
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smart asset management
The terminology such as digital built environment and smart asset management, often referred to as Digital Construction, encompasses multiple technologies and processes related to information or project management and the
2022-07-11
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verification
confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence, that specified requirements have beenfulfilled [SOURCE: BS EN 17412‑1:2020] Verification is the process of checking that the product/service meets the specification, it will
2022-07-24
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Level of information (LOI)
The term used in relation to management of the progression and uses of information. There is general confusion with the use of the term, due to range of other interrelated
2022-07-27
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agent
…’An agent is just something that acts (agent comes from the Latin agree, to do). Of course, all computer programs do something, but computer agents are expected to do more:
2022-07-11
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Pre-contract BEP
On projects where ISO 19650 Framework has implemented a term, Pre-appointment BEP is used instead of the PAS 1192 term Pre-contract BEP. The meaning is the same, it communicates on
2022-07-27
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How To
UK Earthing & Bonding Design Reference
UK Earthing & Bonding Design Reference (Edition 2025 – aligned with BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, Amendment 3 (2024), and draft Amendment 4 (2026), also drawing from official UK Power Networks standards) Scope,
2025-07-11
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Blog
BIM Classification and Standardization Systems
Introduction There are companies in the construction industry which do not favour standardization; these companies benefit from revenue and profits from change orders (variations), inevitably resulting in claims increasing cost
2020-12-14
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Blog
Insurance Backed Alliancing projects under the IPI model
Introduction Martin Davis member of the New Models of Construction Procurement (NMCP) Working Group and the Integrated Project Insurance (IPI) mentor describes the Integrated Project Insurance model (IPI) coupled up
2020-11-17
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Blog
Level of information need
Ever feel like you’re drowning in BIM data you don’t need, or scrambling for details that should’ve been there? Enter the concept of Level of Information Need. It’s a straightforward idea buried behind a not-so-straightforward name (looking at you, BS EN ISO 7817-1:2024). In plain English, a Level of Information Need defines exactly what information should be delivered – no more, no less – for a given BIM use case or project stage.
2025-06-29
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Construction Operation Building information exchange (COBie)
COBie is a non-proprietary data format for the publication of a subset of building information models (BIM) that focuses on delivering asset data rather than geometric information. It is formally
2022-07-24
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How To
Emergency Lighting Standards and Regulations
BS 5266‑1:2025 – whats changed? Status & scope. The new edition was published on 29th and came into effect on 31 October 2025, withdrawing BS 5266-1:2016. It is intended to be
2025-07-19
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Dictionary
coordination
Coordination goes beyond orderly task execution, it transforms individual perspectives into shared, community-wide actions. It’s not just a subset of collaboration; it’s the engine that makes collaboration more than a patchwork of solo efforts.
2023-02-25
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Distributed Ledger Technology
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is an encrypted and distributed database that serves as a register for storing records of transactions. At the core of DLT is a data model that
2022-07-24
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Blog
Terminology and UK Contract Law
The use of terms such as Lead Appointed Party, Appointed Party and Task Team in lieu of terms: employer, supplier, contractor and subcontractor, require clarification to become legally binding. The
2021-02-21
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facility
physical structure (asset) or installation, including related site, works, serving one or more main purposeNOTE: Typically, a facility will require management over part or all of its life cycle. The
2022-07-24
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Dictionary
Emergency Voice Communication System (EVCS)
What is an Emergency Voice Communication (EVC) system? An Emergency Voice Communication (EVC) system (also referred to as EVCS) is a fixed, monitored, two-way voice communication system that enables point-to-point
2022-07-20
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Conformance Class
Conformance class allows establishing relations from the information model of BS EN 82045-2 to any other object of relevance available information model. For example, the Project Information Model (PIM) Conformance
2022-07-11
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Depth of lay rating Factor (Cd)
The rating factor Cd is applied to cable sizing calculations for cable installed in the ground. Its value varies according to the depth of lay installed. See BS7671:2018,Table4B4. Indicates the
2023-02-05
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Infrastructure
the structures that emphasize, organise and enable social functions. Individual units of infrastructure are known as assets. It is sometimes subcategorised into economic infrastructure, the networks of built assets that
2022-07-11
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Level of model definition
The PAS1192 term is replaced by ‘Level of information need’ an ISO19650 term Level of information need is a more generic term than any of the existing “Level of …”
2022-07-27
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