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ELI5

BIM Levels
The transition from the BIM Levels to the concepts in the ISO 19650 series and the UK BIM Framework represents a shift in how we think about BIM maturity. However,
Two Stage Open Book
A procurement method introduced by Constructing Excellence and the Cabinet Office where a client invites prospective integrated teams to bid for a project based on their ability to deliver an outline brief
Model Upload Workflow
3D models shall be synchronized with the central cloud model after daily work is done to ensure the rest of the project team are coordinating with the latest information. All
facility
physical structure (asset) or installation, including related site, works, serving one or more main purposeNOTE: Typically, a facility will require management over part or all of its life cycle. The

Updates to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 – Summary for High Risk Buildings
Key Updates and Amendments Arc Fault Detection Devices (AFDDs) – Regulation 421.1.7 Amendment 2 (2022) Changes:BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 introduced mandatory AFDD requirements for single-phase AC final circuits supplying socket outlets with rated

UK Earthing & Bonding Design Reference
UK Earthing & Bonding Design Reference (Edition 2025 – aligned with BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, Amendment 3 (2024), and draft Amendment 4 (2026), also drawing from official UK Power Networks standards) Scope,
Device rating (In)
Circuit Protective Device rating,or ‘In’ in Amperes. If the overload setting can be adjusted, then the ‘adjusted rating’ is known as ‘Ir’.
Max Zs
Themaximum value of earth fault loop impedance (Zs) that will allow the protective device in a circuit to disconnect an earth fault within the prescribed time. Example: if themaximum earth
identification
The “identification” is ISO 19650 term equivalent to PAS 1192 term ‘naming’
The Centre for Digital Built Britain
The Centre for Digital Built Britain (CDBB) CDBB is a partnership between the University of Cambridge and The Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS). It is the custodian

Secondary Supply – diverse cable route
This guidance covers the routing of secondary supply cables from a life safety generator to the ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch), and the final equipment with reference to:
BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, specifically Section 560: Safety Services
BS 8519:2020, with emphasis on Clause 7 (Cable Routing) and Clause 11 (Cable Selection)
The goal: clarify requirements for the diverse cable routing and maintain circuit integrity under fire conditions for systems that support life safety and fire-fighting applications, such as sprinkler pumps, fire-fighting lifts, and smoke control systems.
component
named and individually scheduled physical item and feature that might require management, such as inspection, maintenance, servicing or replacement, during the in-use phaseNote 1 to entry: Components can serve as
delivery phase
part of the life cycle (3.2.10), during which an asset (3.2.8) is designed, constructed and commissioned [cited from ISO 19650-1:2018(en), 3.2.11] ISO 19650-2:2018 Standard dedicated to the delivery phase

Post-COVID 19 pandemic Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) Industry
Introduction The COVID19 pandemic has impacted global health and the economy. This report explores the shift in Building Information Modelling (BIM) and associated technology, its impact on health and safety,
Adiabatic
Adiabatic checks are required to determine whether conductorsmight be damaged by the thermal effects resulting from the level of calculated fault conditions.
Additive manufacturing
Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is the process of creating products by layering materials until a complete 3D object is created. The process can transform digital design
supply chain
Term used to describe the relationship between organisation that provide materials, products or services for the client. Referring to ISO 19650 Framework the supply chain is synonymous to a ‘delivery
Message Flow
A message flow depicts the exchange of messages between two participants who are ready to send and receive them. A message flow must connect two distinct pools. They are either
Facility Lifecycle
This refers to the time span stretching from a building’s conception to demolition including the five distinctive phases (Planning, Design, Construction, Operations, and Disposition).1 1 The Massachusetts Port Authority, 2015.
pre-design process
construction process (3.3.2) determining construction properties (3.5.1) for the built environment (3.1.7) before it is designed[1] 1 Online Browsing Platform (OBP) [WWW Document], n.d. URL https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#search (accessed 4.10.21).
validation
confirmation, through the provision of objective evidence, that the requirements for a specific intendeduse or application have been fulfilled [SOURCE: BS EN 17412‑1:2020] For example, it is the process of
Depth of lay rating Factor (Cd)
The rating factor Cd is applied to cable sizing calculations for cable installed in the ground. Its value varies according to the depth of lay installed. See BS7671:2018,Table4B4. Indicates the
Committee
This could be: a Technical Committee (TC), which develops standards in a certain sector or industry; a Subcommittee (SC), which addresses a specialized area within a TC; a Project Committee
Distributed Ledger Technology
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is an encrypted and distributed database that serves as a register for storing records of transactions. At the core of DLT is a data model that
Appointing party
Appointing party term introduced in BS EN ISO 19650 it is meant to replace PAS 1192 term ‘Employer’ ISO 19650 term depends on where in the hierarchy the employer is
Co-Location
Assembling the entire BIM design and construction team in a single location (“Co-location”) enables almost instant and direct communication and coordination among team members. This Co-location of all team members
capability
a measure of ability to perform and function [cited from ISO 19650-1:2018(en), 3.3.18]
BIMwash
The term BIMwash is derived from Whitewash, “a cheap white paint or coating of chalked lime used to quickly give a uniform clean appearance to a wide variety of surfaces”. Metaphorically, to
Model Production Delivery Table (MPDT)
An MPDT its old PAS 1192 term, the MPDT defines who produces what, when and to what level of detail. The recent publication of ISO 19650 standards does not include

Digital Handover, O&M Records, and ISO 19650 Compliance
Here is a review and summary of digital handover requirements, O&M record management, and ISO 19650 application as outlined in CIBSE Guide M8 (2023) and Regulation 38, with new recommendations
Strategic Objectives of BEP
Objectives of BEP shall be allignwed with Exchange Information Requirements (EIR), an example of Strategic Objectives for a project have been listed below: Meet Level 2 BIM compliance, in accordance

PAS 1192 vs ISO 19650 terms
Quick reference guide In here you can find a quick reference guide with PAS1192 and ISO 19650 terminology comparison. PAS references (superseded) ISO References (current) Pre-contract BEP Pre-appointment BEP Post-contract
intrinsic aspect
role that an aspect plays in a relationship with a possessor and that is dependent on the aspect as well as on the possessing object Note 1 to entry: Typically the
UML diagram
provides the data structure for data templates using objects, collections and relationships between them. The multiplicities in the UML diagram specify the range of allowablecardinality values, giving a specification of
buildingSMART Data Dictionary
PD 19650‑0:2019 In short, the BuildingSMART Data Dictionary is a library for everything to do with the building. NumberName is an int key and string value that can be stored
IDM standard
BS EN ISO 29481-1 Building information models – Information delivery manual (IDM) PD ISO/TS 12911:201

coordination
Coordination goes beyond orderly task execution, it transforms individual perspectives into shared, community-wide actions. It’s not just a subset of collaboration; it’s the engine that makes collaboration more than a patchwork of solo efforts.

Project Team
All parties appointed for the project are defined as members of the Project Team. Each function can be fulfilled by either an individual or multiple people throughout the course of
system of insight
A system of insights can helps your company make decisions, and it is designed to be part of business decision-making process. It involves gather data, use it, find relationships and
PAS 14191:2020
Built environment – Management and operation of interconnected construction data dictionaries Specification
Master Information Delivery Plan (MIDP)
The Master Information Delivery Plan (MIDP) is the primary plan for the preparation of project information (from the supplier’s perspective), which is set out as being required in the Exchange

Thomas Edison’s Pearl Street Station
Dynamos, Boilers, and the Costly Copper of Edison’s 1882 Pearl Street Station On September 4, 1882, Thomas Edison’s Pearl Street Station in New York City became the world’s first commercial
Equipment Clearance
Equipment Clearance shall be modelled for use in interference management and maintenance access requirements. It is the minimum space adjacent to the equipment required to allow access for maintenance, installation
BS 8541-4:2012
Library objects for architecture, engineering and construction Part 4: Attributes for specification and assessment – Code of practice Note: ISO 22014 and ISO 22057 are under development tosupersede BS 8541,
Gateway (Inclusive)
[Or] When a branch splits, one or more branches are activated. Before merging, all active incoming branches must be completed.[1] Symbol 1] Silver, B. (2009). BPMN Method and Style: A

BS EN ISO IEC 27000:2020
Information technology – Security techniques – Information security management systems – Overview and vocabulary ISO 27000 is derived from the British Standard 7799, published in 1995 in three parts: BS-7799,
Navisworks file format (NWF)
When saving to a “Navisworks file format (NWF), only a list with pointers to the files currently loaded is saved, along with the scene’s environment, the current view, clash results,

Common Data Environment (CDE)
ELI5-S1: BIM Basics E2: CDE Explained The purpose of using Common Data Environment (CDE) on a project is to provide the right person with the right information at the right

Emergency Voice Communication System (EVCS)
An Emergency Voice Communication System (EVCS) or (EVC) is a fixed, monitored and maintained, bidirectional, full duplex voice communication system (Refuge system) designed to facilitate the orderly evacuation of disabled
