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ELI5
Miller’s law
Argument introduced by Miller, G. A., suggests that the number of objects an average human can hold in short-term memory is 7 ± 2.[1] From a practical standpoint, this means
2022-07-15
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NWC
NWC is a cache file. “When you open a CAD file in Navisworks, by default, a corresponding cache file (NWC) is created, which contains all of the conversion details required
2022-07-11
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How To
UK Earthing & Bonding Design Reference
UK Earthing & Bonding Design Reference (Edition 2025 – aligned with BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, Amendment 3 (2024), and draft Amendment 4 (2026), also drawing from official UK Power Networks standards) Scope,
2025-07-11
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Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA)
RIBA Plan Of Work 2020 0 – Strategic Definition is about determining the best means of achieving the client’s requirements. An open mind is required because a building might not
2022-07-24
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Project BIM Manager
Responsible for ensuring that the BIM workflow has been established for the project and is adhered to by the team during the implementation stages of the project. [Appointment: Lead Appointed
2022-07-11
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Current-carrying capacity
Themaximum current which can be carried by a conductor under specified conditions (Installation method, temperature,grouping,etc.)without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value (for example,90 ºCfor cables with thermosetting insulation).
2023-02-05
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Appointing party
Appointing party term introduced in BS EN ISO 19650 it is meant to replace PAS 1192 term ‘Employer’ ISO 19650 term depends on where in the hierarchy the employer is
2022-07-27
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Construction Operation Building information exchange (COBie)
COBie is a non-proprietary data format for the publication of a subset of building information models (BIM) that focuses on delivering asset data rather than geometric information. It is formally
2022-07-24
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Design-Bid-Build
A contract type There is a sequential award of two separate contracts; the first contract is for design services; the second contract is for construction; design and construction of the
2022-07-11
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Parametric behaviour
The parametric behaviour of an object describes whether its shape, position, and orientation are designed to be dependent on other information associated with the object or the context in which
2022-06-29
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Contractor’s proposals (CP)
Contractor’s proposals (CP) in AEC industry refer to documentation prepared by tenderers for design and build projects or on a traditional contract where the bidder is to design specific parts
2022-07-11
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Dictionary
PUBLISHED
Information accepted by the nominated party, in which case it will be suitable for tender or construction (2D model output only). Such that the ‘Published’ area should be maintained in
2022-07-11
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efficiency
correlation between the outcome and the resources used a measure of the utilization of resources to realize a given objective Note 1 to entry: An activity is efficient if it minimizes
2022-07-15
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Gross Internal Area (GIA)
The total area of buildings owned, occupied, or maintained, measured to the internal face of the perimeter walls at each floor level, is referred to as GIA (i.e. the footprint
2022-07-24
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Information model
set of structured and unstructured information containers (3.3.12) [cited from ISO 19650-1:2018(en), 3.3.8] ISO 19650 framework concentrates specifically on the information model concept, a term that contains multiple types of information (geometrical
2022-07-27
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Gateway (Parallel)
[And] When used to split the sequence flow, all outgoing branches are activated at the same time. When parallel branches are merged, it waits for all incoming branches to complete
2022-07-04
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vulnerability
weakness that can be exploited to cause harm [cited from ISO 19650-5:2020(en), 3.15]
2022-07-15
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Quantity Surveyor (QS)
person who provides financial and contractual advice and services for planning, carrying out and completion (3.5.23) of construction works https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#iso:std:iso:6707:-2:ed-3:v1:en:term:3.8.25
2022-07-24
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Blog
Lead Appointed Party context of information exchange
ELI5-S2: BIM in Practice E5: Lead Appointing Party context of information exchange Understanding the Lead Appointed Party (T1) Context of Information Exchange in BIM Welcome to the fifth installment of
2024-07-22
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EXPRESS specification
formal specification is provided in the EXPRESS language. BS EN ISO 23387:2020
2022-07-24
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National Annex (NA)
With reference to BS EN ISO 19650 Framework, the working group could not conclude on international codification and standardised conventions. Hence Paul Shillcock and David Churcher, the lead authors, came
2022-07-11
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Ze
That part of the earth fault loop impedance which is external to the circuit under consideration. For the supply cable it will be the impedance external to the installation. For
2023-02-05
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Pre-contract BEP
On projects where ISO 19650 Framework has implemented a term, Pre-appointment BEP is used instead of the PAS 1192 term Pre-contract BEP. The meaning is the same, it communicates on
2022-07-27
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security
state of relative freedom from threat (3.13) or harm caused by deliberate, unwanted, hostile or malicious acts [cited from ISO 19650-5:2020(en), 3.7]
2022-07-15
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How To
Force Relinquish
Tip of the Day (TOD): How to Relinquish Locked Revit Models If you’ve ever been frustrated by locked Revit model elements when a team member is unavailable to relinquish them,
2024-07-14
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Strategic Objectives of BEP
Objectives of BEP shall be allignwed with Exchange Information Requirements (EIR), an example of Strategic Objectives for a project have been listed below: Meet Level 2 BIM compliance, in accordance
2022-07-11
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BS 8541-1:2012
Library objects for architecture, engineering and constructionPart 1: Identification and classification – Code of practice Note: ISO 22014 and ISO 22057 are under development tosupersede BS 8541, parts 1-6.
2022-07-15
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Distributed Ledger Technology
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is an encrypted and distributed database that serves as a register for storing records of transactions. At the core of DLT is a data model that
2022-07-24
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Competent person
Aperson who possesses sufficient technical knowledge, relevant practical skills and experience for the nature of the electrical work undertaken and is able at all times to prevent danger and,where appropriate,
2023-02-05
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Global Trade Item Number (GTIN)
Global Trade Item Number (GTIN) identifier for trade items used to look up product information in a database GS1 [1] 1 Online Browsing Platform (OBP) [WWW Document], n.d. URL https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#search
2022-07-11
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Blog
Navigating Construction Projects with Incomplete Building Services Design: Real-world Solutions Wanted 🛠️
Here is my list of reasons why so often we have incomplete Building Services Design before the project starts construction: Incomplete Building Services Design (BSD) before the commencement of construction
2023-10-28
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Dictionary
Information Interoperability
Information overload What makes construction management so challenging is the sheer amount of information available, the volume of the data means that we are often not able to extract or
2022-07-11
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SMART Information requirements
The acronym SMART has been defined by the PAS 1192‑2: 2013 clause 5.1.3. the term means that Information req BS ISO 31000:2018 PAS 11922: 2013 clause 5.1.3 defines the acronym
2022-07-04
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collaboration
a deliberate approach to working together on an agreed common purpose within functional, organisational, geographic, or organisational boundaries. Collaboration often depends on a solid knowledge management culture to facilitate the exchange and
2022-07-15
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2022-07-27
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Dictionary
data
ELI5-S1 BIM Basics E18_data Understanding Data in BIM: The Foundation of Smart Asset Management When we think about Building Information Modeling (BIM), it’s easy to get lost in the complexity
2022-07-11
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Blog
Operational Team Context of Information Exchange
ELI5-S2: BIM in Practice E2: Operational Team Context of Information Exchange Explained In any BIM project, understanding the context of information exchange during the operational phase is crucial. This post
2024-06-18
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Harmonic rating factor (Ch)
Ch Rating factor used for calculating theminimum required cable size in the presence of harmonic currents.See BS7671:2018,Appendix 4, section 5.5.
2023-02-05
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tertiary power source
A Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) or standby generator connected to dedicated final circuits of the distribution infrastructure. Enhance the infrastructure resilience and can improve maintenance opportunities and business continuity for
2022-07-24
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How To
Separation Gap for Primary and Secondary Life Safety Cable Trays Roof Installation)
UK electrical and fire safety standards do not prescribe a fixed minimum separation distance for roof-mounted life-safety cable trays. However, BS 7671, BS 8519, and BS 5839 collectively establish that life-safety circuits must be installed on dedicated containment and be either separated by barriers or adequately distanced to ensure circuit independence.
2025-07-29
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Blog
Updates to BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 – Summary for High Risk Buildings
Key Updates and Amendments Arc Fault Detection Devices (AFDDs) – Regulation 421.1.7 Amendment 2 (2022) Changes:BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 introduced mandatory AFDD requirements for single-phase AC final circuits supplying socket outlets with rated
2025-07-19
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System of systems
A system of systems is a collection of many different systems, each with its own characteristics. [1] System theory assumes that certain underlying concepts and principles are applicable to different
2022-07-11
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BS EN ISO 23387:2020
Building information modelling (BIM) — Data templates for construction objects used in the life cycle of built assets Concepts and principles
2022-07-24
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Uninterruptible power supply (UPS)
An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is used to maintain the supply to an essential service duringmains supply outages. On loss ofmains supply,a storage device in the UPS (battery) continues to
2023-02-05
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2022-07-24
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National BIM Standard
National BIM Standard (NBIMS) – United States Version 2 is sponsored by National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS) under its BuildingSMART Alliance Council. [1] [1] The Massachusetts Port Authority, 2015.
2022-07-11
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BS EN ISO 19650-5:2020
Organization and digitization of information about buildings and civil engineering works, including building information modelling (BIM) Information management using building information modelling Part 5: Security-minded approach to information management
2022-07-24
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Certification
Assurance given by an independent certification body (ISO does not perform certification) that a product, service or system meets the requirements of a standard. https://www.iso.org/glossary.html
2022-07-24
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TC 59
Technical Committee – Buildings and civil engineering works https://www.iso.org/committee/49070.html
2022-07-24
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Work standards and workflows
Project management focuses on project completion by the execution of various processes. Most of the workflows comprising repetitive tasks can be optimised by applying workflow management systems. Automation-optimized business processes
2022-07-04
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