The Ultimate BIM Knowledge Hub

Your one-stop resource for BIM electrical.
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Sub-Process (Collapsed)

The diagram does not show the details of the sub-process. A “plus” sign in the shape’s lower-left corner indicates that the activity is a sub-process with a lower level of

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Information delivery cycle

It is a term introduced first in PAS 1192 and updated in ISO 19650 framework, it depicts the process of specifying and delivery of project and asset information summarised in

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DWG

DWG (“drawing format”) is a binary file format licensed by Autodesk and used for storing two and limited three-dimensional design data and metadata. It is the native format for several

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Handover

After the project is completed, the Appointing Party expects to receive Asset Information Model (AIM) compliant with the Exchange Information Requirements (EIR).   The aim is to support the life

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Group

Because a group is not an activity or a flow object, it cannot connect to sequence or message flows. Furthermore, groups are not constrained by pool and lane restrictions. [1]

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security

state of relative freedom from threat (3.13) or harm caused by deliberate, unwanted, hostile or malicious acts [cited from ISO 19650-5:2020(en), 3.7]

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Supplier

In the construction industry, ‘supplier’ refers to a provider of services or goods. The supplier can provide goods or services directly to the ultimate client or another supplier. The publication

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How To
Jarek Wityk

Problem Solving Process

Understanding the Problem-Solving Process

Effective problem-solving is at the heart of success in any field. Drawing inspiration from the book “General Relativity for Babies” by Chris Ferrie, which simplifies complex topics into easy-to-understand concepts, I have created a straightforward guide to the problem-solving process.

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a professional and informative illustration that represents the concept of 'X-ref in Construction and BIM'
Dictionary
Jarek Wityk

x-ref

The term “X-ref” is commonly used as an abbreviation for “External Reference” in various technical and engineering fields, including construction, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and computer-aided design (CAD). Here’s a

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Lane

A lane is a sub-partition within a process (often within a pool) that runs the length of the process level, either vertically or horizontally. Lanes are frequently used for internal

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replacement request

A replacement request corresponds to the creation of the property and the deactivation of the property it replaces. After validation of the replacement request by the experts, the replaced property

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Lean Project Delivery System

An organized implementation of Lean Principles and Tools combined to allow a team to operate in unison.[1] [1] The Massachusetts Port Authority, 2015. BIM Guidelines for Vertical and Horizontal Construction.

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Classification and Standardisation
Jarek Wityk

Sensitive Information

ELI5-S1 BIM Basics E16_Sensitive Information information, the loss, misuse or modification of which, or unauthorized access to, could:(a) adversely affect the privacy, welfare or safety of an individual or individuals;(b)

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Diagram comparing coordination failure and selective coordination between protective devices in an electrical system. The top section shows a 32Amp circuit tripping a 63Amp breaker, causing upstream devices rated 125Amp and 160Amp to disconnect unnecessarily. The bottom section demonstrates selective coordination, where a 125Amp device isolates the fault without affecting upstream devices rated 250Amp and 600Amp.
Blog
Jarek Wityk

Breaking capacity

IWE-S1-IWE- E8_Breaking Capacity of MCCB What is Breaking Capacity (kA) Breaking capacity, often referred to as short-circuit breaking capacity, is one of the most critical specifications of a protective device.

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BIM collaboration format (BCF)

BIM Collaboration Format (BCF) is an open file format that allows the addition of textual comments, screenshots, and other information on top of the IFC model layer for improved communication

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Blog
Jarek Wityk

Shared context of information exchange

ELI5-S2: BIM in Practice E1: Shared context of information exchange Introducing the “ELI5-S2 BIM in Practice” Series! Welcome to the first post in our new series, “BIM in Practice,” where

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Ambient temperature

The temperature of the free air surrounding a cable,or in the case of cables installed in the ground, the temperature of the surrounding soil.For an enclosed method such as ‘In

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task team

The term, introduced by ISO 19650, describes a team of people working together on a specific task. task team might be an individual appointed party, and the appointed party might

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NWC

NWC is a cache file. “When you open a CAD file in Navisworks, by default, a corresponding cache file (NWC) is created, which contains all of the conversion details required

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Dimensionality

A dimension of space, such as width, height, or length. can be zero-dimensional (location point), one-dimensional (e.g. line, curve, path), two-dimensional (e.g. surface, face), or three-dimensional (e.g. surface, face) (e.g.

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intrinsic aspect

role that an aspect plays in a relationship with a possessor and that is dependent on the aspect as well as on the possessing object Note 1 to entry: Typically the

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Lean construction

Lean Construction is the method of project management aiming to reduce waste on a project and improving the efficiency and quality of produced work [1]. The aim to reduce overproduction,

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Dictionary
Jarek Wityk

BIM Functions

ELI5-S1 BIM Basics E17_BIM Functions Understanding BIM Functions: A Simple Guide for Beginners Building Information Modeling (BIM) is transforming the construction industry by enabling better collaboration, design precision, and efficient

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International Harmonized Stage Codes

Stages: 00 PRELIMINARY 10 PROPOSAL 20 PREPARATORY 30 COMMITTEE 40 ENQUIRY 50 APPROVAL 60 PUBLICATION 90 REVIEW 95 WITHDRAWAL Substages: 00 REGISTRATION 20 START OF MAIN ACTION 60 COMPLETION OF

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Open Data

The Open Data Institute (ODI) defines open data as information that is licensed for anyone to use for any purpose at no cost. Open data can be accessed, used and

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BS 8536-1:2015

Briefing for design and construction Part 1: Code of practice for facilities management (Buildings infrastructure)

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Cross-sectional view of a residential building’s fire core, showing protected stairwells, lift shafts, fire-rated partitions, and service risers enclosed within fire-resistant construction, designed to maintain vertical compartmentation and safe evacuation routes during a fire.
How To
Jarek Wityk

Secondary Supply – diverse cable route

This guidance covers the routing of secondary supply cables from a life safety generator to the ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch), and the final equipment with reference to:

BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, specifically Section 560: Safety Services

BS 8519:2020, with emphasis on Clause 7 (Cable Routing) and Clause 11 (Cable Selection)

The goal: clarify requirements for the diverse cable routing and maintain circuit integrity under fire conditions for systems that support life safety and fire-fighting applications, such as sprinkler pumps, fire-fighting lifts, and smoke control systems.

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TT system

A system having one point of the source of energy directly earthed, the exposedconductive-parts of the installation being connected to earth electrodes electrically independent of the earth electrodes of the

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Design Web Format

Design Web Format (DWF), created by Autodesk. DWF is a compressed, non-editable, vector file format created by CAD and BIM applications. A DWF file can represent sheets for plotting purposes

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Stage 2 Maturity

BIM at Maturity Stage 2 according to the ISO 19650 Framework is “the use of a shared digital representation of a built asset to facilitate design, construction and operation workflows

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BS EN ISO 41001:2018

Facility management Management systems Requirements with guidance for use ISO 41001 and the vocabulary published as ISO 41011 is a Facilities Management Standard developed by the International Organizational Standards (ISO)

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Project Committee (PC)

a Project Committee (PC), which is created to develop one standard, after which it is disbanded. https://www.iso.org/glossary.html

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Conditions of Satisfaction

An explicit description by a Customer of all the actual requirements that must be satisfied by the Performer in order for the Customer to feel that he or she received

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How To
Jarek Wityk

UK Earthing & Bonding Design Reference

UK Earthing & Bonding Design Reference (Edition 2025 – aligned with BS 7671:2018+A2:2022, Amendment 3 (2024), and draft Amendment 4 (2026), also drawing from official UK Power Networks standards) Scope,

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UML diagram

provides the data structure for data templates using objects, collections and relationships between them. The multiplicities in the UML diagram specify the range of allowablecardinality values, giving a specification of

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Blog
Jarek Wityk

How to respond to request for proposal (RFP)

Introduction It can be said that the digitalization of construction began with designers moving from drawing boards to computers. [1] In Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operation (ACEO), the focus has

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Conformance Class

Conformance class allows establishing relations from the information model of BS EN 82045-2 to any other object of relevance available information model. For example, the Project Information Model (PIM) Conformance

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Status

Identifier indicating the characteristic of an element of information for which at all times a value can be established. Word status has been included in ISO 19650 Framework meant to

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Assignment matrix

Responsibility matrix [ISO19650] In ISO 19650 there is a principle to develop responsibility matrices to cover information management activities and information delivery. Responsibility matrix [PAS1192] The former is illustrated as

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Globally Unique Identifier (GUID)

globally unique identifier (GUID) its a unique object identifier that guarantees its uniqueness throughout its entire life unique, the identifier is usually generated using an algorithm a unique identifier generated

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merge request

A merge request corresponds to the creation of one property and the deactivation of several properties. After validation of the merge request by the experts, the merged properties are deactivated.

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Model Upload Workflow

3D models shall be synchronized with the central cloud model after daily work is done to ensure the rest of the project team are coordinating with the latest information. All

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Dictionary
Jarek Wityk

BIM Stages

ELI5-S1:BIM Basics: E13_Understanding BIM Stages Understanding BIM Stages: Transitioning from BIM Levels to a Modern Framework In the world of Building Information Modeling (BIM), we often come across terms like

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System of systems

A system of systems is a collection of many different systems, each with its own characteristics. [1] System theory assumes that certain underlying concepts and principles are applicable to different

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individual thing

the concept that classifies any real-world or imaginary thing that has an individuality that is not dependent on a commonality between things Note 1 to entry: This standard is about kinds

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agent

…’An agent is just something that acts (agent comes from the Latin agree, to do). Of course, all computer programs do something, but computer agents are expected to do more:

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