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How to respond to request for proposal (RFP)
Introduction It can be said that the digitalization of construction began with designers moving from drawing boards to computers. [1] In Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operation (ACEO), the focus has
BS EN ISO 29481-2:2016
Building information models — Information delivery manual Part 2: Interaction framework
Conformity Assessment Committee (CASCO)
Committee whose secretariat is provided by ISO/CS that deals with conformity assessment and is responsible for the development of conformity assessment standards. https://www.iso.org/glossary.html
inertia
In the context of BIM and Digital Construction, the term is referred to as institutional and personal inertia to change, one of the most common barriers to BIM implementation.
Project Information Standards
Project Information standards shall be covered within the BIM Execution Plan (BEP). Standards In line with BIM Goals and Uses to ensure continuity that information containers are structured, coordinated, managed
information exchange
verb act of satisfying an information requirement (3.3.2) or part thereof [cited from ISO 19650-1:2018(en), 3.3.7]
expert
person who, through knowledge or experience, has competence to give an opinion in the fields about which he/she is consulted[SOURCE: ISO 13302:2003, 3.10, modified — The domain “” has been
Conformance Class
Conformance class allows establishing relations from the information model of BS EN 82045-2 to any other object of relevance available information model. For example, the Project Information Model (PIM) Conformance
Information delivery cycle
It is a term introduced first in PAS 1192 and updated in ISO 19650 framework, it depicts the process of specifying and delivery of project and asset information summarised in
The Gemini Principles
Purpose: Must have clear purpose Public good Must be used to deliver genuine public benefit in perpetuity Value creation Must enable value creation and performance improvement Insight Must provide determinable
area of competence
area of an expert’s […] proficiency and knowledge associated to one or several groups of properties BS EN ISO 23386:2020

Management of the cyber-security threats in Common Data Environment
The increased reliance of the IT Technology Widely used cloud-based systems with file-sharing protocols have are the way of the future, but the use of such a platforms increase the
Lean construction
Lean Construction is the method of project management aiming to reduce waste on a project and improving the efficiency and quality of produced work [1]. The aim to reduce overproduction,

BIM Classification and Standardization Systems
Introduction There are companies in the construction industry which do not favour standardization; these companies benefit from revenue and profits from change orders (variations), inevitably resulting in claims increasing cost
Permitted Purpose
A submittal state defining the intent or suitability. Permitted Purpose means any purpose related to the Works (and/or (without limitation) the construction, refurbishment, extension, operation, management and/or maintenance of the
Portable document format (PDF)
It’s a versatile file format developed by Adobe that allows people to easily present and exchange documents – regardless of the software, hardware, or operating systems used by anyone who
Thermal insulation rating factor (Ci)
Ci Rating factor used for calculating theminimum required cable size for cables run in thermal insulation. See BS7671:2018 Table52.2.

Please can you confirm if the life system system has to be lidded?
Please can you confirm if the life system system has to be lidded? There is no requirement for the life system to be lidded. A lid is effectively required

The role of management in BIM implementation at a project and organisational level
Introduction While comparing the experience of working in smaller practices fulfilling the combined role of designer shared with BIM leadership position, and the experience of dedicated BIM management role within

Level of information need
Ever feel like you’re drowning in BIM data you don’t need, or scrambling for details that should’ve been there? Enter the concept of Level of Information Need. It’s a straightforward idea buried behind a not-so-straightforward name (looking at you, BS EN ISO 7817-1:2024). In plain English, a Level of Information Need defines exactly what information should be delivered – no more, no less – for a given BIM use case or project stage.
Z2
Z2 – That part of the earth fault loop impedance which comprises the impedance under earth fault conditions of the circuit protective conductor (cpc) of the circuit under consideration.

Digital Handover, O&M Records, and ISO 19650 Compliance
Here is a review and summary of digital handover requirements, O&M record management, and ISO 19650 application as outlined in CIBSE Guide M8 (2023) and Regulation 38, with new recommendations
blockchain
The blockchain is a transaction database shared by all nodes involved in the system based on the Bitcoin protocol. It is a data structure consisting of linked blocks (e.g. confirmed
Workset
A workset is a collection of elements in a work shared Revit project. The purpose of worksets is to enable multiple users to work on the same project and facilitate

Cable Ladder vs Perforated Cable Tray Selection Guide
Cable Ladder vs Perforated Cable Tray – Selection Guide (UK, 2025) Scope & references BS 7671:2018+A2:2022 and A3:2024 (selection & erection; installation reference methods; grouping). IET On‑Site Guide to BS

Force Relinquish
Tip of the Day (TOD): How to Relinquish Locked Revit Models If you’ve ever been frustrated by locked Revit model elements when a team member is unavailable to relinquish them,

Domestic PV sizing rule-of-thumb (RoT)
Domestic PV sizing rule-of-thumb (RoT) Grid-tied, focused on self-consumption UK rule-of-thumb (RoT) Peak Sun Hours (PSH): 3.5 summer, 2.0 spring/autumn, 1.0 winter For calc use Peak Sun Hours (PSH) =
collaboration
a deliberate approach to working together on an agreed common purpose within functional, organisational, geographic, or organisational boundaries. Collaboration often depends on a solid knowledge management culture to facilitate the exchange and
BS ISO IEC 33020:2019
Information technology—Process assessment Process measurement framework for assessment of process capability

Thomas Edison’s Pearl Street Station
Dynamos, Boilers, and the Costly Copper of Edison’s 1882 Pearl Street Station On September 4, 1882, Thomas Edison’s Pearl Street Station in New York City became the world’s first commercial
pre-design process
construction process (3.3.2) determining construction properties (3.5.1) for the built environment (3.1.7) before it is designed[1] 1 Online Browsing Platform (OBP) [WWW Document], n.d. URL https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#search (accessed 4.10.21).
Appointed party
The appointed party term introduced in BS EN ISO 19650 it is meant to replace PAS 1192 term ‘Supplier’ Typically it means Tier 2 and below Contractors Who can become
racetrack
Information delivery cycle It is a term introduced first in PAS 1192 and updated in ISO 19650 framework, it depicts the process of specifying and delivery of project and asset
Text Annotation
Text annotations are a way for a modeller to provide additional information to a BPMN diagram reader. The text annotation object can be associated with a specific object on the
Miller’s law
Argument introduced by Miller, G. A., suggests that the number of objects an average human can hold in short-term memory is 7 ± 2.[1] From a practical standpoint, this means
Plain Language Questions (PLQ)
The publication of ISO 19650 set of standards replaces use of PLQ and instead introduce the term with exchange information requirements (EIR) and project information requirements (PIR). Project information requirements
Final Circuit
A circuit connected directly to current-using equipment, or to a socket-outlets or other outlet points for the connection of such equipment.
Project Information Manager
Responsible for extraction, review, coordination and reporting of data within the native and federated models as well as associated project databases throughout the project stages to ensure client and BEP
Level of detail (LOD)
Level of detail (LOD) it is a term introduced by PAS 1192, used in relation with management of the progression and uses of information. Typically referred to geometrical information There
third party
person or body that is recognized as being independent of the parties involved with the issues in question [1] Note 1 to entry: “Parties involved” are usually supplier (“first party”) and purchaser (“second party”). 1

Electrical & Mechanical Equipment Access and Maintenance
Electrical & Mechanical Equipment: Access & Maintenance (UK) “All controlgear shall be mounted so as to facilitate its operation and maintenance. Where a special tool is necessary to adjust, maintain,
engineer
a person who designs and superintends the carrying out of civil engineering works, structures of buildings, installation of services, or who maintains such civil engineering works, structures or services https://www.iso.org/obp/ui#iso:std:iso:6707:-2:ed-3:v1:en:term:3.8.25

How to Rotate Revit Families in Any Direction
Mastering 3-Axis Rotation: Transform Revit Face-Based Families with Tiltable Geometry
cooperation
The interaction of individuals or task teams who work together to achieve a common goal, it demonstrates the ability to learn from each other. Cooperation forms a crucial attribute of
buildingSMART Data Dictionary
PD 19650‑0:2019 In short, the BuildingSMART Data Dictionary is a library for everything to do with the building. NumberName is an int key and string value that can be stored
tertiary power source
A Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) or standby generator connected to dedicated final circuits of the distribution infrastructure. Enhance the infrastructure resilience and can improve maintenance opportunities and business continuity for
Project BIM Manager
Responsible for ensuring that the BIM workflow has been established for the project and is adhered to by the team during the implementation stages of the project. [Appointment: Lead Appointed
Sequence Flow (Normal or Uncontrolled)
A sequence flow is used to show the order in which activities in a process or choreography will be performed.[1] Symbol 1] Silver, B. (2009). BPMN Method and Style: A









